閉鎖及び開放条件下に於けるモヽ赤アブララムシ個体群の増殖過程の解析
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概要
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There are two controversal opinions concerning the nature of population growth of animals. GAUSE (1934), UCHIDA (1949) and others maintain that, under closed condition, the environmental resistance due to high density of population is the cause of the logistic nature of population growth, while VoOTE (1937,1938), MORISHITA (1950) and ITO (1952) claim that the emigration of a part of population is a very important factor for the regulation of overpopulation under open condition. The writer traced the growth of the population of Green Peach Aphid, Myzus persicae SULZER, on cabbage seedlings both under open and closed conditions. Under former condition, 20 or 40 parent aphids were liberated to a cabbage seedling with 8 to 10 leaves in a pot. The pot was pasted with tanglefoot on the margin, placed in a water tray and covered with gauze net to interrupt both the emigration and the immigration of the aphid. Under latter condition, five seedlings of the same growth stage were planted in a wooden frame bed and 20 parent aphids were liberated on the central seedling. The bed was covered with gauze net too. The results of observations can be summarized as follows : 1. Saturation density of the aphid was found lower under open condition than under closed condition, probably due to the occurrence of emigration under former condition (Table 2 and Fig. 2). There is a linear relation between the number of emigrants on logarithmic scale and the density of population, which is represented by the formula Y&0.68+0.27χ in Fig. 3A and Y=0.74+0.28χ in Fig. 3B. Therefore, the emigration plays an important role to regulate the overcrowding of the population (Fig. 4). 2. Intensity of struggle for existence as calculated after GAUSE's formula was found higher under the open condition than under the closed condition in spite of the lower saturation density under the former condition than under the closed condition in spite of the lower saturation density under the former condition. This is due to that the index of struggle for existence by this formula includes the regulating power of the emigration under open condition.
- 日本生態学会の論文
- 1954-05-25
著者
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