大正期「高等教育機関拡張計画」をめぐる政治過程

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The purpose of this paper is to study the political background of higher educational expansion in Meiji and Taisyo Japan. Especially we focus on the formation process of "The Higher Educational Institution Expansion Program" in 1918. This program is important. Because most part of the extraordinarily rapid expansion of higher education in the 1910s and 1920s was realized by this program. Most studieis of expansion of higher education in these times have focused only on the economic and social backgrounds of higher educational expansion and neglected the political ones. But in these days, political situation was radically changing. Political parties, especially Seiyukai had grown persistently and the nature of political process was transforming. And the government policy on higher educational expansion had come to be influenced by these changes. To put it concretely, Seiyukai began to adopt a strategy which emphasized the need to develop roads, railroads, harbors, etc., in order to satisfy local interest of people of regions. In so doing, Seiyukai gained regional support and developed its own power. This strategy was called "SEKKYOKU SEISAKU (positive policy)". It is important to note that one of the major torgots of "SEKKYOKU SEISAKU" was to actualize the people's hope of building a higher educational institution in their own retion. The more Seiyukai gained a firrn foothold in political system and influenced policy-making at the highest level, the more government policy of higher educational expansion was influenced by Seiyukai. Thus, in this paper we trace the history of higher educational expansion policy, especially "Higher Educational Institution Expansion Program" as part of 'SEKKYOKU SEISAKU'. 'Higher Educational Institution Expansion Program' was planned by the first 'pure' Seiyukai cabinet. As is often said, this program was a product of rapid economic development after World War I. However, we will make clear the fact that behind the expansion of higher education in these times there was a interest of Seiyukai.
日本教育社会学会の論文
1986-10-15

大正期「高等教育機関拡張計画」をめぐる政治過程

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