児童の意見表明の発達

概要

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The purpose of the present study was to investigate the developmental process of expressions of views in children.Subjects were first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth grade elementary school children.In the first study children were interviewed and asked to express their own views opposing against their parents, friends or teachers in 7 scenes.The main results were as follows.1.Children expressed their views in several ways, which included "following the opposite", "telling their behavior", "expressing their feeling", "merely stating the facts", "stating their own views with reasons".2.One type of children always expressed their views in one way.The other type of children expressed their views in various ways according to the characters in the scences.3.As the children's grades were upper, they expressed their views with reasons.In the second study children were asked to fill out a questionnaire composed of 12 scenes with 4 choices.The main results were as follows.1.As the children's grades were upper, they chose the expression with reasons.2.Children were difficult to express their views against the traditional beliefs, e.g."children must eat up a school lunch".3.In childish scenes as "scramble for juice", the upper grade children chose "no-expression and obedience to others".Throughout this study, it was suggested that behavior of expressing own views develops with personalities of children.
心理科学研究会の論文
1999-12-30