酸性沈着による土壌化学性変化のダイナミックモデルによる予測 : モデルの概要と土壌酸性化実験への適用による評価

概要

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A dynamic model that mainly includes chemical reactions taking place in the soil was developed to simulate the soil acidification triggered by acidic deposition. The model was applied to soil acidification experiments in order to confirm the applicability of the model and to evaluate the contributions of each buffering mechanism. In the experiment, pH adjusted sulfuric acid was added to twelve soil samples for four years. In case of the simulated acid rain with pH3, the estimated temporal change of soil chemistry corresponded well with the measurements except for exchangeable aluminum. Selectivity coefficients of cation exchange showed a clear positive correlation with the soil pH for each soil sample, and change in exchangeable aluminum could be predicted by expressing selectivity coefficients as a function of soil pH. According to the results of the model estimation, the main buffering mechanisms were Al hydroxide dissolution and/or release of exchangeable base cations, and acid was neutralized mainly in the surface soil layer (10 cm) by these processes. For the acid rain with pH4, decreased rates of exchangeable base cation were sometimes less than the observed ones. This disagreement was considered to be caused by the uncertainty of the data on mineral weathering and nitrification rates.
社団法人日本土壌肥料学会の論文
1998-10-05