EFFECTS OF DRYING AND PRESERVATION ON β-GLUCOSIDASES IN SOIL

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The β-glucosidase activities of two cultivated and one forest soil were assayed. Various drying and storage treatments were not satisfactory to preserve soil samples for assay of β-glucosidase activities. β-Glucosidase activities were reduced to about half of the original activities by the following treatments : freeze-drying (-40℃ and -20℃) for 24 hr; air-drying (room temperature and 5℃) for 72 hr; acetone-drying (0℃) for 72 hr. In particular, freeze-drying reduced the activities to more than half. When the samples were stored at 5℃ and -20℃ for 1 month, the decrease of β-glucosidase activity was less than that of samples stored at 20℃. Drying resulted in greater decrease of the activity than storage. β-Glucosidase was extracted from the soils by 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7), 0.3 M KCl and 10 mM EDTA. The extract from a cultivated soil (no treatment) hydrolyzed p-nitrophenyl β-glucoside (100), phenyl-β-glucoside (32), salicin (17), phlorizin (35), amygdarin (46), methyl-β-glucoside (4), cellobiose (20), and gentiobiose (26); the relative activity is given in parentheses. The substrate specificity of β-glucosidase was altered when field-moist soils were dried. Additional Index Words : β-glucosidase in soil.
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