Effect of Nitrogen Application during Ripening Period on Photosynthesis and Dry Matter Production and Its Impact on Yield and Yield Components of Semidwarf Indica Rice Varieties under Water Culture Conditions

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概要

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• A water culture pot experiment was conducted to analyze the effects of N application during the ripening period (RP) on photosynthesis, dry matter production, and its impact on grain ripening and yield in two semidwarf indica type varieties Viz. Gui Zhao 2 (GZ) and BR3 (BR) compared with a japonica type variety Koganemasari (KO) under four N rates Viz. 0 (N_0), 10 (N_10), 20 (N_20), and 40 (N_40) mg L^<-1>. Results showed that N application enabled to maintain a higher leaf area and delay leaf senescence in both indica and japonica type varieties but the decrease in the rate of leaf area was higher in the former than in the latter and the rate was reduced with increasing N rates. Flag leaf photosynthesis and SPAD values of N treated plants were higher throughout the RP, showing the presence of a significant correlation either for each variety or all the varieties together. Higher photosynthetic rate was supported by higher leaf chlorophyll (SPAD value basis) content, stomatal conductance, and N concentration in leaf blades. Top dry matter content increased with increasing N rates mainly due to mean leaf area rather than NAR except for BR during RP but it was higher in KO than in GZ and BR. Reduction of shoot weight due to translocation of dry matter to panicles during RP was suppressed by N rates both in GZ and BR while shoot weight increased in the N-treated plants in KO. The dependency of KO on current photosynthates for panicle weight was found to be almost hundred percent while the contribution of stored carbohydrates in shoot before heading to panicle weight in GZ and BR was in the range of 4-27 and 33-54%, respectively and the rest was contributed by current photosynthates. The percentage increased with increasing N rates. Percentage of ripened grains (PRG) increased with increasing N rates in GZ and BR due to the increase in dry matter production and in the photosynthetic rates of apex leaves, despite the larger spikelet number and larger hull size. However, KO showed almost no variation although it had the highest PRG among the varieties. Brown rice yield followed the same pattern as that of PRG in GZ and BR and the highest yield was produced by BR followed by GZ and KO. These results suggest that N application during RP was more effective in increasing yield in the semidwarf indica type varieties than in the japonica type variety.

• 社団法人日本土壌肥料学会の論文

著者

• Yoshida Tetsushi

  Faculty of Agriculture, Kochi University

• Yamamoto Yoshinori

  Faculty of Agriculture, Kochi University

• Miah Mohammad

  Major Chair Of Environmental Science United Graduate School Of Agricultural Sciences Ehime Universit

• Yoshida Tetsushi

  Faculty Of Agriculture Kochi University

• Yamamoto Yoshinori

  Faculty Of Agriculture Kochi University

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