Bacterial and Fungal Contributions to Chlorothalonil Degradation in Soil

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The contributions of bacteria and fungi to the degradation of a chloroaromatie fungieide, ehlorothalonil, in soil were evaluated quantitatively by a selective inhibition method. A mixture of ampieillin, chloramphenicol, and tetracyeline was used to estimate the bacterial capacity, and cycloheximide to estimate the fungal capacity. A mixture of nutrient broth and yeast extract (NB + YE) was added to the soil to minimize the partial sterilization effect by antibiotics. The degradation of ehlorothalonil was measured for a period of 6 h when the degradation rate and the carbon dioxide evolution rate were constant. The contribution rates estimated with the addition of NB+YE showed the same trend as the estimates with the addition of the dried powders of chlorothalonilsusceptible microorganisms, indicating the validity of NB+YE as a substrate for the ehlorothalonil-degrading microorganisms. The contribution of the degrading fungi increased in the soils receiving farmyard manure (FYM). It was suggested that the accelerated biodegradation of chlorothalonil in FYM-amended soils was due to the activation of the degrading fungi.
社団法人日本土壌肥料学会の論文