仔馬のパラチフス症に關する研究 : II. 幼駒に於けるパラチフスの爆發的流行例に就て
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At Horoizumi village in Hidaka district, Hokkaido, paratyphoid broke out in horses of all ages during several months following January, 1944. In this endemic, 33 out of 48 1-year-old foals had suffered from paratyphoid and 7 of them died. In this time, the writer had occasion to survey the route of infection epidemiologically and observed these diseased foals clinically, bacteriologically, serologically and pathologically. The auther also tried the injection of antibacterial serum into diseased animals for the therapeutic purpose. The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1) About 40% of 123 inspected horses, especially in 1-year-old foals, 33 cases (68.75%) out of 48 had been affected with abortion bacilli. (Table 2). 2) It is presumed that the outbreak of paratyphoid was induced by an abortion bacilli carrier which was a 1-year-old foal that a certain breeder had bought from a neighbouring village. 3) Affected foals must be taken care in that stage of the disease when they continue a temperature of 39℃∿40℃ and the pulse number increase to 60∿70; it often means unfavourable prognosis when the temperature exceeds 40℃ and the pulse number exceeds 70. 4) The external swellings in infected foals usually localize in the order of hock-joint, axilla, under border of costa, frank, abdomen, knee-joint and fetlock of hind leg. (Table 3). 5) The number of erythrocytes of the diseased foals was 2∿5 million. The number of band form of neutrocytes increases according to the severity of disease, and, if the number of band forms exceeds 10%, it indicates that the disease is becoming worse. 6) The agglutinin titre of each chronic diseased foal is over 1 : 1600 without exception. The agglutinin titre of subclinical infected foals is 1 : 800 in most cases, but some show 1 : 6400. 7) In each chronic case of the disease, a large amount of immune sera of 400∿1600cc was used with the aim of therapy. But, in most cases the effects were not noticeable. However, when the sera were used in acute cases or in early stage of the disease, even though the dose were less than in chronic cases, sera were proved to be effective. The sooner the sera are applied in the early stages, the greater we may expect the efficacy to be. (Table 4). 8) We tried the provocation in the 7 subclinical infected foals which show the high agglutination titre (1 : 800∿1 : 6400), to reveal the clinical symptoms by 3 times subcutaneous inoculation with killed abortion bacilli vaccine. The doses of vaccine were 5,10 and 15cc. Five out of 7 cases remained without change, but, 2 cases indicated respectively the swelling on costae or joint. However, we were unable to decide whether the vaccine inoculation could or could not provoke the inapparent infected foals to reveal clinical symptoms. 9) All 7 fatal cases were diagnosed bacteriologically and pathologically to be mixed-infected ones with both abortion bacilli and equine infectious anemia virus. 10) It is considered that the great prevalence of paratyphoid in foals at Horoizumi depended not only upon the exhausion of their physical strength after suffering from malignant strangles and the lowering of their vitality by feed famine during winter season, but also upon the association of Salmonella infection with equine infectious anemia.
- 北海道大学の論文
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