英国気候変動政策の環境効果と費用負担

概要

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The United Kingdom started the Climate Change Levy (CCL) in April 2001 and the UK Emissions Trading System (ETS) in April 2002. These complementary systems are intended to promote UK's ambitious domestic target of reducing CO_2 emissions by 20 per cent by 2010,in addition to her international commitment of Kyoto protocol with EU burden-sharing. The UK Climate Change Program that includes CCL and ETS is an interesting policy package involving voluntary agreements, financial incentives, technical standards, and various supporting measures to households and SMEs. In this paper we highlight two characteristic aims of the program (i.e., enhancing environmental effectiveness and reducing cost burdens of the regulated agents). Some implications are derived from these observations for the climate policy formulation in Japan.