貿易政策と環境政策 : 相互支援の可能性

概要

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Agenda 21 adopted at the Earth Summit in 1992 highly regarded the importance of open and liberal world economic system for sustainable development, but at the same time reiterated that trade and environmental policies should be mutually supportive. However, a greater number of multinational environmental agreements have been incorporating trade measures with potential conflicts with the global trading system ; and settlements of trade disputes often irritate environmental groups. This paper argues that the GATT/WTO principle of non-discrimination among "like products" has been a major cause of difficulties. Since more and more economic measures are expected for use to deal with environmental externalities, products with different processes and production methods must be defined as unlike products. Clear international agreements concerning the need for complementing market failures will be able to change the current GATT/WTO rules toward a more mutually supportive direction.
関西学院大学の論文