The Pathological Features of Alloxan Diabetes in Beagle Dogs

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Beagle dogs intravenously treated with alloxan monohydrate at 50 mg/kg and kept for 14 months were subjected to clinicopathological and histopathological examinations in order to characterize the development of diabetic changes. The beagle model of diabetes mellitus with alloxan in the present study was characterized by variegated conditions which markedly involved male animals. All the males in this study either died or were sacrificed in extremis up to Week 20, whereas all the females survived throughout the 14-month observation period. Determination of serum fructosamine level, and the glucose tolerance test proved useful in detecting diabetic signs. Decreased serum creatinine and increased total cholesterol levels, and elevation of alkaline phosphatase activity were important secondary changes; however no consistent signs of ketoacidosis were noticed in the persistently diabetic animals. In the present study, diestrus, as confirmed by estrous bleeding, may have been an important provoking factor in diabetic episodes in female dogs with impaired glucose tolerance. Pathological changes seen in the pancreas, liver, and kidneys were ascribed to direct effects of alloxan and the resulting derangement of carbohydrate metabolism. As early as Week 4 of treatment, ocular changes, especially development of cataract, were recorded as the major secondary complications ascribable to persistent hyperglycemia. There were no signs of structural complications, except for parenchymal atrophy and focal inflammatory changes in various organs. Secondary complications other than the cataract seemed to not easily occur in this animal model.
日本毒性病理学会の論文
2004-09-30

The Pathological Features of Alloxan Diabetes in Beagle Dogs

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