ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CEFTIZOXIME (CZX), A NEW CEPHALOSPORIN AGAINST BACTERIA WHOSE RESISTANCE IS MEDIATED BY PLASMID OR CHROMOSOMAL GENES AND STABILITY OF THE ANTIBIOTIC TO β-LACTAMASE

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Antibacterial activity of ceftizoxime against ampicillin resistant clinical isolates of Escherichia coil was compared with those of other newly developed cephalosporins. CZX was the most active against strains possessing R-plasmids specifying ampicillin resistance and those whose resistance was chromosomally determined. The susceptibility of ampicillin-sensitive E. coli to CZX was not decreased by transduction of ampicillinresistance specifying plasmids. However, most of the transconjugants acquired a high level of resistance to cefoperazone and cefamandole and a moderate level to cefotiam. CZX was highly stable to both penicillinase and cephalosporinase type β-lactamases including R-plasmid mediated β-lactamase. Its level of resistance to β-lactamases was comparable to cefoxitin, cefmetazole and cefotaxime, slightly superior to cefuroxime and much superior to cefotiam, cefamandole and cefoperazone.
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