Non-destructive Phosphorus-31 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study of Postmortem Changes in Oyster Tissues.

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The postmortem changes of high energy phosphate compounds, inorganic phosphate (Pi), and intracellular pH (pHi) in the oyster tissues were investigated using non-destructive phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (31P NMR) spectroscopy with a surface coil attachment. Levels of arginine phosphate (PAr), ATP, and ADP decreased faster in the adductor muscle than in the body trunk. Initial pHi in the adductor muscle, about 7.33, was significantly lower than that in the body trunk, about 7.48, although the two tissues had the same final pHi. Phosphodiesters (PDE) mainly composed of glycerophosphorylcholine were detected in both the tissues. 31P NMR was also used to evaluate the degree of freshness of oyster stored over a 25h period postmortem. The ratios of [PAr]/[Pi(+PDE+phosphomonoester (PME)] and [ATP]/[Pi(+PDE+PME)] and the pHi decreased rapidly and continuously during the acceptable stage, and were demonstrated as potential indices to estimate the freshness of oyster. 31P NMR is a powerful tool for the evaluation of freshness, because of its non-destructive, convenient, rapid, and simultaneous determination of high energy phosphate compounds, Pi, and pHi in the oyster tissues.
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