A Case of Mesenteric Inflammatory Veno-occlusive Disease (MIVOD) in a Patient Presenting with Rapidly Progressing Symptoms of Intestinal Obstruction, with a Review of the Literature

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Mesenteric inflammatory veno-occlusive disease (MIVOD) is a very rare cause of ischemic bowel damage due to inflammation of the mesenteric veins. A 49-year-old man with a history of Guillain-Barre syndrome visited our hospital with the chief complaint of abdominal fullness. Abdominal CT showed enlargement of the lymph nodes around the ileocolic artery and evidence of intestinal obstruction due to an ileocecal submucosal tumor. Lower gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed an ileocecal submucosal tumor, which was diagnosed as group 1 on biopsy. Although no definitive diagnosis was made preoperatively, the symptoms of intestinal obstruction became worse. Therefore, right hemicolectomy (D3) was performed, which revealed enlarged lymph nodes along the ileocolic artery and a 5 × 4 cm submucosal mass. Histological examination showed thrombosis localized in the mesenteric veins with luminal narrowing and aggregates of inflammatory lymphocytes, with no evidence of malignancy. These findings led to a diagnosis of MIVOD. There is no reported case of this disease in Japan, indicating the rarity of this condition.