Phylogeography of Human T-lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Lineages Endemic to Japan

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概要

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• We conducted phylogenetic analyses and an estimation of coalescence times for East Asian strains of HTLV-1. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the following three lineages exist in Japan: "JPN", primarily com-prising Japanese isolates; "EAS", comprising Japanese and two Chinese isolates, of which one originated fromChengdu and the other from Fujian; and "GLB1", comprising isolates from various locations worldwide, includinga few Japanese isolates. It was estimated that the JPN and EAS lineages originated as independent lineages approx-imately 3,900 and 6,000 years ago, respectively. Based on archaeological findings, the "Out of Sunda" hypothesiswas recently proposed to clarify the source of the Jomon (early neolithic) cultures of Japan. According to thishypothesis, it is suggested that the arrival of neolithic people in Japan began approximately 10,000 years ago, witha second wave of immigrants arriving between 6,000 and 4,000 years ago, peaking at around 4,000 years ago. Esti-mated coalescence times of the EAS and JPN lineages place the origins of these lineages within this 6,000-4,000 year period, suggesting that HTLV-1 was introduced to Japan by neolithic immigrants, not Paleo-Mongoloids.Moreover, our data suggest that the other minor lineage, GLB1, may have been introduced to Japan by Africansaccompanying European traders several centuries ago, during or after "The Age of Discovery." Thus, the resultsof this study greatly increase our understanding of the origins and current distribution of HTLV-1 lineages in Japanand provide further insights into the ethno-epidemiology of HTLV-1.

• 日本熱帯医学会の論文

著者

• Yamamoto Taro

  Department Of International Health Institute Of Tropical Medicine Nagasaki University

• Yamamoto Taro

  Department Of International Health Institute Of Tropical Medicine The Global Center Of Excellence Na

• Yamaguchi Kazunari

  Department Of Blood Transfusion Service Kumamoto University School Of Medicine

• Yamamoto Taro

  Research Center For Tropical Infectious Diseases Institute Of Tropical Medicine Nagasaki University

• Yamamoto Taro

  Department Of Epidemiology Institute For Tropical Medicine School Of Allied Medical Science Nagasaki

• Yamamoto Taro

  Department Of Applied Chemistry Faculty Of Science And Engineering Waseda Uiversity

• Eguchi Katsuyuki

  Department Of Earth And Environmental Sciences Faculty Of Science Kagoshima University

• NAKAO Kazuhiko

  Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki Univ

• Ichikawa Tatsuki

  Department Of Gastroenterology And Hepatology Graduate School Of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki Univer

• Watanabe Toshiki

  Department Of Cardiovascular Surgery Fukushima Medical University School Of Medicine

• Otani Masashi

  Department Of Gastroenterology And Hepatology Graduate School Of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki University

• Takenaka Takano

  Research Institute for Humanity and Nature

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