Clinical implication of plasma lysophosphatidylcholine in type 2 diabetics

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The increase in circulating peroxide lipids is considered as a promoting factor of atherosclerotic disease, because peroxide lipids in the subendothelial space directly induce formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Recently, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and oxidative low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) have been measured as biological markers of atherosclerosis. To clarify the clinical implication of the measurement of LPC, plasma concentrations of LPC and also oxLDL and high-sensitivity C-reactive proteins (hs-CRP) were measured in 147 patients with type 2 diabetes, and these measurements were compared in relationship to clinical characteristics and diabetic vascular complications. LPC concentration was also investigated in 24 healthy subjects (12 males and 12 females) as a reference of circulation LPC values.<BR>Plasm a LPC concentration in male type 2 diabetics (mean ± standard deviation, 0.221 ± 0.059 mmo1/1) was lower than that in female diabetics (0.202 ± 0.055). This gender difference in plasma LPC concentration was also confirmed in healthy subjects (males 0.256 ± 0.048, and females 0.220 ± 0.031). Plasma oxLDL had a good correlation with plasma LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) in diabetics, and oxLDL concentration in female diabetics (55.3 ± 17.3 U/1) was significantly higher than that in male diabetics (48.9 ± 14.8). There was no significant correlation between LPC and oxLDL concentrations. LPC and oxLDL did not correlate with hs-CRP in diabetics. As for diabetic complications, plasma LPC in diabetics with ischemic heart disease (IHD) was lower (0.179 ± 0.057) than that without IHD (0220 ± 0.049). Plasma LPC in diabetics with macroangiopathy (cerebral infarction, IHD and arteriosclerosis obliterans 0.195 ± 0.054) was also lower than that without macroangiopathy (0.222 ± 0.059). In males and females plasma LPC in diabetics with macroangiopathy or IHD was lower than those without macroangiopathy or IHDrespectively. hs-CRP was significantly higher in diabetics with IHD (4.77 ± 7.27 mg/l) than those without IHD (1.99 ± 4.86). However, there was no significant difference in oxLDL between those with and without complications.<BR>hs-CRP and oxLDL have been considered to be useful markers to detect vascular complications. However, <BR>our results suggest that LPC was equal or superior hs-CRP and oxLDL in detecting vascular complications in type 2 diabetics.

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