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Effects of methylcobalamin (MCB) on the myelinated axon regeneration were studied in rats. Free sciatic nerve grafts harvested from both gluteal regions were transplanted respectively into the gap created in the contralateral sciatic nerve under an operating microscope. Totally 39 rats were subjected to this study: 15 rats were involved in intraabdominal administration of MCB, 500 μg/kg, daily after operation, while 24 rats were used as control observation for the period of 8 th postoperative weeks. Each rat was sacrificed periodically and the grafts were processed for morphometric studies.<BR>Regenerated axons grew earlier in grafts administrated with MCB than in control grafts. The density of regenerated myelinated fibers was higher in the grafts with MCB than in control. Diameters of myelinated fibers became larger in grafts with MCB than in control at early postoperative stage. There was no differences in regenerated axons at the late stage, more than six weeks, between in grafts administrated with MCB and in control grafts.<BR>We suggest that MCB will make an activation of Schwann cell and help a smooth regeneration of axons.
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