骨の力学機能とミネラルの配向

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A dominant inorganic substance in bones is known to be a biological apatite (BAp) nano-crystal which crystallizes in an anisotropic hcp lattice, and the c-axis of BAp is parallel to extended collagen fibrils. We applied the microbeam X-ray diffractometer system with a beam spot of 100μm in diameter to evaluate bone function of original, regenerated or pathological bones focusing on the texture of BAp crystallites.<BR>Preferential alignment of anisotropic BAp crystallites in typical biological calcified tissues changes depending on the bone shape and stress condition in vivo. The c-axis of BAp crystallites, for example, is distributed dominantly as one orientation along the longitudinal direction in the rabbit ulna and along the head and tail direction in the monkey vertebra, and as two-dimensional (2D) orientation in the flat bone of rabbit skull. The c-axis of BAp of a dentulous mandible basically aligns along the mesiodistal direction in the flat bone, but this alignment changes parallel to the biting direction near the tooth. The preferential distribution of BAp is therefore closely related to the stress distribution in vivo and the corresponding mechanical function which is the most important as a biological structural component. The similar analysis of the BAp texture is also applicable to the regenerated bones and pathological hard tissues.<BR>We can finally conclude that crystallographic information of BAp such as orientational distribution is a new measure to understand the bone microstructure and the related mechanical function.
日本バイオレオロジ-学会の論文

骨の力学機能とミネラルの配向

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