Metabolic Fate and Mechanism of Action of Chloroethylthiamine:I. Absorption of Chloroethylthiamine from Chick Intestine and Its Competition with Thiamine

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The absorption of chloroethylthiamine, a new coccidiostat, from chick intestine was studied by means of ligated loop technique. From the linearity of doseabsorption relationship, it was indicated that both chloroethylthiamine and thiamine were absorbed by a passive diffusion mechanism in a dose level between 0.5 and 15mg. In such a dose level, chloroethylthiamine was easily absorbed from various parts of the chick intestine and the rate was appreciably higher than that of thiamine. However, the rate of thiamine absorption was increased significantly when the dose level was lowered down to 1.0μg/ml, suggesting that thiamine is absorbed from chick intestine by an active transport in such a low dose level as 10-6M. It was found that the absorption of 1μg or less thiamine was strongly inhibited by chloroethylthiamine and pyrithiamine, while not by oxythiamine. Therefore, provided that an active transport system is present in the nutritional system of the coccidium, it was assumed that chloroethylthiamine acts on the coccidium as a strong inhibitor against their thiamine uptake from the host cells.
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