丘陵造成地における緑化樹木の生育からみた土壌の特質 (大規模土地改変と第4紀研究<シンポジウム>)

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The relationship between soil condition and tree growth on artificially graded land surface was studied in the Tama New Town, located in the western suburbs of the Tokyo Metropolis, as a typical case of hill land development. In this case edaphological management, especially controlling of soil physical conditions, is one of the important soil conservation works for landscape planting.As a result of the soil survey of the planted sites, five soil types are classified from the viewpoint of tree planting; that is, Coarse soils, Clayey volcanic ash soils, Sandy soils, Newly accumulated volcanic ash soils and Protected top soils (mainly Volcanogenerous Ando soils). The occurrence of these soil types was determined by the difference of surface geology and the method of grading. The characteristics of sites as planting bed were affected by the earth works for grading. Common characteristics of these soils were a high rate of the solid phase and low permeability. The result of tree growth survey shows that 53 percent of surveyed planted trees (Quercus serrata, Pinus thunbergii etc.) was poor in growth. The occurrence of dead branches and the volume of verdure correlated to the growth of both annual rings and new shoots. Therefore the soil condition should be appraised by these two indicators. The growth of trees on the Preserved top soils was better than that on the Volcanic ash soils and the Sandy soils. Coarse soils bring the worst result of growth. The growth of the root system was mainly influenced by the soil water contents and the soil aeration. Soil condition influenced the distribution of tree roots, too.Overwet or overdry condition of the planting bed soils within the transformed sites is caused by artificial soil compaction. The lack of large porosity which guarantees root respiration is also due to soil compaction. The ratio of solid phase of compacted soils was over 50 percent, and it characterizes transformed soils on the hill lands.Systematic understanding of the relationships among landform, geology, soils and vegetation will contribute to the development of the method of land-transformation assessment and environmental conservation planning.
日本第四紀学会の論文

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輿水肇
明治大学農学部

丘陵造成地における緑化樹木の生育からみた土壌の特質 (大規模土地改変と第4紀研究<シンポジウム>)

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