Genetic studies on the pacific abalone. Thermostability variations at multiple loci in the pacific abalone.

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A total of 180 specimens of the Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai INO, sampled from six localities of the Pacific and the Japan Sea coasts of Japan, were analysed by starch-gel electrophoresis for thermostability variations in various enzymes. The reported procedures were used, with some modifications in the conditions of heat-treatment of gels in water-baths. Thermostability variations were observed at the three loci encoding esterase, malate-dehydrogenase, and phlsphoglucose isomerase, in addition to phosphoglucomutase, which was reported previously. Associations observed between frequencies of alleles encoding such variants and water temperatures at the locations sampled suggested that temperature-related adaptive value existed among many enzymes with thermostability variations. Further, such associations, observed commonly at the four loci, suggested that a set of alleles at the loci would play a role as a polygenic system for the themperature-tolerance of an intact animal. On the basis of the results observed, the usefulness of thermostability variants in breeding abalone is discussed.