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Biological membranes have functionalities of separation, energy production and information transfer. Transport of a small molecule across a membrane plays an important roll for them. The Ficks first and second laws of diffusion, Nernst-Plancks equation and phenomenological equations based on nonequilibrium thermodynamics have contributed to the analyses of membrane transport phenomena in biological systems. Ficks and Nernst-Plancks theories were originally established in homogeneous media, and the nonequilibrium thermodynamics consider the membrane as a black box. Therefore there are few discussions on a principle process of diffusion in biological membranes. Recently the structures of several membrane proteins have been confirmed by using X-ray diffraction, which suggests that it is possible to discuss the diffusion in a biological membrane from the viewpoint of molecular theory. In this review it is discussed how to approach to the molecular theory in biological membrane from the Ficks and Nernst-Plancks equations.
日本膜学会の論文