洗浄作用の基礎研究 (第3報) : 脂肪酸及び脂肪アルコールの表面張力並びにその分散力成分と極性成分

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Surface tension of fatty acids (C4C13) and fatty alcohols (C4C18) was estimated by contact angle measurements. Geometric mean approximation method (extended Fowkes Equation) was applied to estimate the dispersion force component (γd) and the polar force component (γp) to the total surface tension (γ) from contact angle data. Surface tension of liquid oils, i.e., fatty acids (C4C8) and fatty alcohols (C4C11), increases with increasing carbon number between 24.428.9 dyn/cm. The contribution of dispersion force component to surface tension of these oils, γ1d/γ1, is 90% or more and the rest part is the polar force component. Surface tension of solid fatts, i.e., fatty acids (C12C18) and fatty alcohols (C14C18), decreases with the carbon number increase between 62.424.1 dyn/cm. The contribution of polar force component to surface tension of fatty alcohol is rather high, especially in C14 and C16, however, that of fatty acids is lower and nearly constant ratio (about 10%). Surface tension of decanoic acid (C10), 1-dodecanol (C12), and 1-tetradecanol (C14) at 10°C (solid state) and 40°C (liquid state) was compared in these two states of materials. It was proved that solid fatty substrates have higher surface tension than liquid ones. The work of adhesion (Wa) between these model oily soils and the polymer substrates in liquid media may offer the clue to clarify the mechanism of oily soil removal.
社団法人日本油化学会の論文