金属酵素における中心金属の役割について

概要

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The essential trace metals incorporated into metalloenzyme systems are Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, and Mo. Among other metal ions which are known to exist in biological systems in larger concentrations, Ca and Mg are also involved in enzymatic functions. The bonding forms in connecting substrate, enzyme, and metal were classified into three major categories. The stabilities of coordinate bonds were discussed in terms of the interactions between Lewis acids and bases of soft and hard nature. The typical coordination geometries of essential metals involved in biological functions were also given. The catalytic functions of nuclear metals were tentatively attributed to electronic, stereo-chemical, and oxidation-reduction effects and explained by referring to several well-qualified examples. The emphasis has been made on the hydrophobic field effect provided by apoenzymes for the development of catalytic functions of nuclear metal ions as well as on the cooperative catalytic effects by specific functional groups of apoenzymes placed in the active centers.
社団法人有機合成化学協会の論文