ガソリン基材製造のためのアルキレーション法

概要

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Alkylation processes for the production of gasolines were reviewed, and recent advances in mechanisms of the alkylation reaction were described. Acid-soluble hydrocarbons including alkylsulfates play an important role as intermediates in isobutane/olefin alkylation reaction over H2SO4. Reactions of olefins with H2SO4 produce acid-soluble, large cations such as i-C+12, i-C+16etc., which decompose to afford DMH and light ends such as C5-C7 isoparaffins. The detailed mechanisms of the overall alkylations, however, are still remained to be investigated. Approaches to utilize solid catalysts such as solid superacids and zeolites insteed of liquid H2SO4and HF in the isobutane/olefin alkylation were briefly discussed. No such process is in operation as the fixed-bed alkylation employing solid catalysts. Nonetheless not a few patents on this aspect of alkylation are seen. Finally, the recent advent of a new class of shape-selective zeolites which catalyse methanol to gasoline conversion was also described.
社団法人有機合成化学協会の論文