化石燃料燃焼における亜酸化窒素の生成機構 (化石エネルギ-利用技術<特集>) -- (石炭燃焼)

概要

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Nitrous oxide (N2O) is responsible for the global destruction of stratospheric ozone and for greenhouse warming. To explain N2O emissions from coal at low combustion temperature, we have studied the mechanisms by using a batch reactor. In this paper, based on four formation sources, that is direct formation from char (Dc), indirect formation by homogeneous reaction with coal volatile, fast or first volatile (IMv), indirect formation by homogeneous reaction with char volatile, slow or second volatile (IMc) and indirect formation by heterogeneous reaction over char (IT), respective contributions to N2O formation were evaluated by comparing the fuel nitrogen conversion to N2O. Two coals and a petroleum coke were used as fuel. The contribution of char and volatiles to N2O formation were elucidated by using the chars devolatilized at various temperature. The contributions of gas phase reactions and heterogeneous reactions were studied by using a short reactor to reduce the gas phase reactions. As a result, the contribution of Dc was estimated to be between 0%and 30% IMv between 20% and 30% and IMc between 40% and 70%. The contribution of IT was strongly dependent on NO concentration around char particles, which was about 20% in circulating fluidized bed combustion.
社団法人化学工学会の論文