ウン・マル・アマッド発掘報告書の再検討
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概要
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Umm el-Amed on the Ladder of Tyre has had a long history of archaeological research since the days of M. de Vogüé and E. Renan. The latest investigation was done in 1944/5 by the French expedition under the direction of MM. Dunand and Duru. An account of the results appeared in 1962 (“Umm el-amed, une ville de lépoque hellénistique aux échelles de Tyr”).Quite contrary to the allusion of the subtitle, the description was given only to two Phoenician temples of the site (Temple de Milk-Ashtart and Temple Est), while we can not know anything about the Hellenistic town itself. If the latter were fully described, this book would contribute very much to our knowledge about the Hellenistic age of the Phoenician civilization.In this brief survey of the report I examined the evidences of the Temple de Milk-Ashtart, which the excavators dug most elaborately and whose account in the report is tolerably satisfactory, so that we can follow the stratigraphical context and reconstruct the history of the building. (For instance, several deep soundings to the bed-rock were done only in the site of this temple.)I discussed here architectural remains, coins, lamps, inscriptions and decorated pottery, which were able to be stratigraphically reassessed. The result is the following picture of the history of the Temple de Milk-ashtart:-In the earliest Hellenistic period, or even before that, some unidentified walls existed at the rocky hillside of the site. They may have been parts of certain sacred installation, which was situated just at the side of the road going eastward up to the town from the coastal main road between Accho and Tyre. Next, about at the end of the reign of Ptolemy II, a period of great construction came. The site was terraced horizontally with imported soil, and upon this terraced platform the devotees of Phoenician gods planned a rectangular temple with a cella in the centre and with a court, porticos and small rooms. By the year of 222/1 B. C. the construction work was finally completed with putting the beautiful pavement of stoneslabs in the court. From that time onward no major alterations happened, but even after the Roman conquest of Syria the Temple seems to have been frequented: this is able to be inferred from the decorated wares of that period (for instance, Terra Sigillata and Arretine), which came from the Temple site.
- 社団法人 日本オリエント学会の論文
著者
関連論文
- テル・ゼロール出土滑石製祭祀用小鉢断片について
- ローマ帝国への古代オリエント宗教の流入
- 流沙海西奨学会篇『アジア文化史論叢1』山川出版社 1973年 xi+425頁
- 蛭沼寿雄, 秀村欣二, 新見宏, 荒井献, 加納政弘著『原典新約時代史-ギリシヤ, ローマ, エジプト, ユダヤの史料による-』山本書店 1976年
- フリートベルク出土のクラテールの装飾について
- ミトラス教とキリスト教の関係に関する最近の論潮
- Leroy A. Campbell, Mithraic Iconography and Ideology, Leiden, E. J. Brill, 1968.
- ウン・マル・アマッド発掘報告書の再検討
- 書評 Lynn E. Roller: In Search of God the Mother, the Cult of Anatolian Cybele
- フランツ・キュモンのローマ帝国宗教論
- ミトラス教図像の付属場面
- 滑石製祭祀用具再論
- ポール・ラップと聖書考古学
- ドゥラ・エウロポスのミトラス神殿と初期ミトラス教(三)
- ドウラ・エウロポスのミトラス神殿と初期ミトラス教(二)
- ドゥラ・エウロポスのミトラス神殿と初期ミトラス教(一)
- サマリア発掘調査史考(二)
- R. G. Collingwood and R. P. Wright, the Roman Inscriptions of Britain, I, Inscriptions on Stone, Oxford Clarendon Press, 1965.(REVIEW)
- R. Merrifield, The Roman City of London, Ernest Benn, London, 1965
- サマリア発掘調査史考(一)
- 古代末シリア宗教史研究(三)
- 古代末シリア宗教史研究(二)
- G. Downey, A History of Antioch in Syria from Seleucus to the Arab Conquest, Princeton Univ. Press, 1958, xviii+752 pp., 21 plates
- 古代末シリア宗教史研究(一)
- セム人の発生地の問題 : Grintzによる批判的要約(批評と紹介)