社会ネットワーク分析を用いた港湾施策立案に関する研究—— 伊勢湾スーパー中枢港湾における複数港連携施策を事例として ——
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The Super Gateway Port Policy was implemented by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport to strengthen major ports, in particular for container transportation, to compete with ports in Asian countries during this era of market globalization and dispersion of production sites. Nagoya Port and Yokkaichi Port were designated as the Ise Bay Super Gateway Port in 2004. The Ise Bay Port has several issues such as Nagoya Port is very short of lands for logistics and Yokkaichi Port is developing slowly. Yokkaichi Port can complement the lands and the functions of the Nagoya Port if the two ports are more cooperative. However, the shippers and other agents using Nagoya port have little motivation to move to Yokkaichi port, because they have established business connections with relevant agents in Nagoya. From questionnaire responses from shippers using the ports that we conducted previously, the choice of port depends on trading partners, handling territory of the logistic company, and other decisions. In this study we aimed to clarify socially effective connections between the agents in businesses, and to analyze the impacts of such connections and policies on port cooperation. For these purposes, we apply the method of social network analysis that is used to consider characteristic connections among social agents. The network is comprised of nodes and links where the nodes commonly denote agents such as humans or company organizations, and the links denote the connections. In this study, the nodes included the characteristics of agents, including reasons of port choice. Commonalities of agents were revealed as distinct bundles of characteristics. In this way, we clarify the kinships of shippers in the first analysis, the relativities among the decision factors of port choice in the second analysis, and relevancy among decision factors in the third analysis. Matrix calculations with the data obtained from our questionnaire produced several insights for understanding the characteristics of shippers and relevant region. Moreover we can refer to possibilities for policymaking as follows; the first analysis contributes to analyzing impacts of policy on the communal shippers, the second analysis is useful for specifying the target of port sales policy, and the third analysis is available for policy mix proposals according to relevant factors of port choice. In conclusion, we propose five possible policies to encourage the shippers using Nagoya Port to move to the Yokkaichi Port.JEL Classification: C80, H54, R53
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