AID to overcome the limitations of genomic information by introducing somatic DNA alterations
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概要
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The immune system has adopted somatic DNA alterations to overcome the limitations of the genomic information. Activation induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is an essential enzyme to regulate class switch recombination (CSR), somatic hypermutation (SHM) and gene conversion (GC) of the immunoglobulin gene. AID is known to be required for DNA cleavage of S regions in CSR and V regions in SHM. However, its molecular mechanism is a focus of extensive debate. RNA editing hypothesis postulates that AID edits yet unknown mRNA, to generate specific endonucleases for CSR and SHM. By contrast, DNA deamination hypothesis assumes that AID deaminates cytosine in DNA, followed by DNA cleavage by base excision repair enzymes. We summarize the basic knowledge for molecular mechanisms for CSR and SHM and then discuss the importance of AID not only in the immune regulation but also in the genome instability. (Contributed by Tasuku HONJO, M.J.A.)
- 日本学士院の論文
著者
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Honjo T
Kyoto Univ. Kyoto Jpn
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Honjo Tasuku
Department Of Immunology And Genomic Medicine Graduate School Of Medicine Kyoto University
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Honjo T
Department Of Medical Chemistry Kyoto University Faculty Of Medicine
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Honjo Tasuku
Department Of Medical Chemistry Graduate School Of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
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Honjo T
Department Of Medical Chemistry Faculty Of Medicine Kyoto University
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Honjo Tasuku
Center For Molecular Biology And Genetics
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Honjo Tasuku
Kyoto Univ. Kyoto Jpn
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HONJO Tasuku
Department of Genetics, Osaka University Medical School
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