ドイツにおける土壌汚染地域の規制と情報システムの分析 : ―NRW州の土壌汚染規制と情報公開―
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概要
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Land regulations are fixed in terms of legal and economical conditions. However, scientific conditions for the soil were not improved until we were aware of environmental problems.After the enforcement of the Federal Soil Protection Act in 1998, Germanys contaminated sites management was finally unified by several administrative districts. However, a solution to the many problems regarding soil pollution, for example, determination of contaminated sites, soil purification duty, financial problems concerning soil reproduction, and information disclosure of polluted areas, still requires many arguments.The purpose of this study is to grasp the present data obtained from all the contaminated sites in Germany and to clarify the regulated condition of a contaminant, which is regarded as the basis of the determination mechanism. Moreover, we show the method of data management in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia as an example. In particular, we consider the case of Ruhr district in NRW that we investigated. It is an area that houses most of the former industrial sites termed Brownfields where various environmental policies for city reproduction are now being implemented.First, we describe the role of Germanys several environmental agencies comprising the federal states and public authorities regarding soil pollution and clarify the concept of contaminated sites. Next, we analyze the valuation basis of detrimental contaminants and identify the regulation range. After ascertaining the number of all the pollution scale areas throughout Germany, we pursue a Land Information System (BIS) in NRW. All data for the contaminated sites (ISAL) are processed by the BIS, which is composed of each Information module (FIS).Thus, all information regarding the polluted area in NRW is exhibited in principle ; however, an identification paper is required for this case. Sometimes, the information of a specific area can be obtained at a cost. Therefore, the federal government should immediately fix the contaminated sites and information regarding fundamental soil pollution should be freely available to all.JEL classification : L86, R11, R14, R52
著者
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