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Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has been widely used for detection and diagnosis of early prostate cancer. However, PSA has problems with specificity and does not reflect grade of malignancy. In addition, PSA has no cut-off value because the prevalence of prostate cancer was reported to be 15% among men with PSA 4 ng/mL or less. Therefore, a new serum marker to compensate for the problems of PSA is urgently required. In an attempt to search a novel marker, we focused on the glycosyl epitope, $ \beta $1, 4-GalNAcDSLc_4 , to which monoclonal antibody (mAb) RM2 was established using renal cell carcinoma cell line, based on the assumption that the hybrid structure of the glycosyl epotope is associated with the nature of prostate cancer. By immunohistochemistry using radical prostatectomy specimens,we found RM2 reacted to prostate cancer cells, reflecting grade of malignancy, whereas RM2 had no reactivity to benign prostatic hyperplasia. RM2 showed preferential reactivity toward haptoglobin-beta chain derived from prostate cancer than that from benign prostatic diseases. Haptoglobin-beta chain defined by RM2 (Hp-beta-RM2) in serum had sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 84% for detecting early prostate cancer among men with PSA value < 10 ng/mL. Hp-beta-RM2 is a novel serum marker that may be useful for detection of early prostate cancer. Furthermore, serum level of Hp-beta-RM2 may predict PSA failure after radical prostatectomy, although the number of patients examined is small.
琉球医学会,Ryukyu Medical Associationの論文

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斎藤誠一
琉球大学大学院医学研究科泌尿器科学講座

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