屋外温熱環境指標としてのグローブ温度の計算

概要

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Developments and examinations of the methods of calculating globe temperature set outside are the main purposes of this paper. Globe temperature is regarded as an outdoor thermal sensation index, though it is usually used indoors. Globe temperature is tried to calculated from basic meteorological data, air temperature, wind speed, solar radiation and so on. Calculated values are to be compared with measured data to examine the accuracy. Field measurement was carried out in two elementary schools in Naha city. General meteorological data observed at Okinawa Meteorological Observatory were also used for the calculation to generalize the globe temperature as a thermal sensation index. Some combinations of the field data and the general data were tested. The calculation of globe temperature needs shape factors and surface temperatures of the surroundings. Shape factors were calculated by ray tracing method. Sol-air temperatures were used as the surface temperatures. If all the field data were used, the calculated values agree well with the measured data. However, since the sol-air temperature changes too sharply against the actual surface temperature, the calculated values are sometimes higher in the daytime and lower in the nighttime than measured data. If only the wind speed data are the field data, the accuracy is almost the same level as the calculation with full field data, though all the general data could not make good results.