水稲植栽下土壌の潜在的メタン生成・酸化能と栽培期間中のメタン収支の季節的変動

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The potential methane production and oxidation activities of a paddy soil were estimated over a growing season.Anaerobic incubation of a paddy soil in an Erlenmeyer flask generated methane at a rate of 5.8μ gC/g soil/day.Methane oxidation under a gas phase of CH4:Air( 1:1) was higher by two orders of magnitude ranging from 100 to400μ gC/g soil/day. The significant difference in the production and oxidation potential suggests that methaneemission from paddy soils could effectively be mitigated if certain conditions for methane oxidation such as presenceof oxygen are met in the soil. In situ methane oxidation was computed by measuring methane production,emission and methane retained in the soil over a growing season. Without rice plant, 87 27772037260f the methane producedwas oxidized in the soil. As a result, emission to the atmosphere was 10 27772051540f total production. At the latter stage,the production rate of methane balanced with the oxidation rate. It was assumed that methane was rapidly oxidizedupon production in the soil during the period. With the rice plant, methane emission accounted for 56 12440100343f the totalmethane production. Methane oxidation in the soil, on the other hand, fell to 41 16010062550f the total production. Inthe active tillering stage of rice plant, the oxidation rate was equivalent to 80 15631272157f the methane production rate.Analysis of gas retained in the soil in the same period indicated higher oxygen content which would acceleratemethanotrophic activity in the rhizosphere. This also contributes to temporal decline of the rate of methane emissionin the same period resulting to its apparent seasonal pattern. The inherent nature of rhizoshpere having oxidizingcapacity may serve as basis for designing cost effective control measures for methane emission applicable todeveloping countries in South East Asia.
2009-03-31

水稲植栽下土壌の潜在的メタン生成・酸化能と栽培期間中のメタン収支の季節的変動

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