Autonomic Responses Associated with Severe Gagging Elicited by Stimulation of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve in Rats

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概要

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• Tactile stimulation of the pharyngo-laryngeal region elicits severe gagging, which is characterized by simultaneous contraction of the costal diaphragm and abdominal muscles. While severe gagging is associated with problems in oral feeding in children, routine dental treatment and gastrointestinal endoscopy, little is known about the neural mechanism of this reflex. In the present study using decerebrate rats, we observed dynamic changes in the activities of the costal and crural diaphragm, abdominal muscles, and infrahyoid muscles, and in pharyngeal and esophageal pressure during severe gagging, and determined the most suitable stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) for induction. High-frequency stimulation of the SLN at 50 Hz (30 μA, 50 pulses) elicited severe gagging in all of the rats. Severe gagging had the following characteristics: 1) simultaneous activation of the costal diaphragm and abdominal muscles, but relaxation of the crural diaphragm; 2) infrahyoid muscle contraction and temporary decrease in pharyngeal pressure; 3) retrograde contraction of esophageal striated muscles; and 4) decrease of blood pressure, which was mediated by a vagal muscarinic pathway. The identification of characteristic changes in respiratory muscles and autonomic responses should assist future studies on the mechanism of severe gagging.

著者

• Koga Tomoshige

  Department Of Physiology Kawasaki Medical School

• Yamagata Ryuzo

  Department Of Rehabilitation Faculty Of Health Science And Technology Kawasaki University Of Medical Welfare

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