防貧と地方改良 : 日本における社会事業形成の基点

概要

論文の詳細を見る
After the Russo-Japanese War, the National Government strengthened its political pressure on local governments. First it amended the law concerning the municipalities and then introduced "Local Reform Works" and "the Reformatory Measures and Moral Direction Relief Policy" into these local bodies. This policy was aimed at (a) promoting the local contribution to the national economic growth, (b) re-integrating "national spirit" which seemed losing cohesion after the Russo-Japanese War, and (c) preparing preventive measures against future social unrest. This change as a whole was named by the Home Ministry "Kanka (reformatory and moral direction)". In most of the Western countries around the turn of the century, people felt some kind of public social service was necessary and thought it appropriate for their national government to assume the responsibility. In Japan, however, it was argued that the governmental leadership in social services would discourage people's moral independence and hamper a steady national economic growth. Thus, the Japanese government maintained that it would assume the responsibility of moral guidance of the people, but not of practical measures in social services. This peculiar stance adopted by the government had a profound influence on the development of Japanese social work until the end of World War II.
一般社団法人日本社会福祉学会の論文
1996-11-20