感化救済事業 : 日本における社会事業形成の基点

概要

論文の詳細を見る
Beginning in 1908, the Home Ministry required allocation of expenditures for two new programs. These programs aimed to promote, guide and investigate local relief works. The Home Ministry decided to delegate the responsibility for direct relief services to local governments ; the Ministry wanted to redistribute a substantial portion of its spending in order to stimulate local welfare services. This shift has been heavily criticized as an abandonment of governmental efforts. However, the total spending by the government related to relief did not decrease, but stayed around 200 thausand yen per year until 1913. This shift in governmental policy was a reflection of the national urge to reconstruct the economy and military power, both heavily damaged by the Russo-Japanese War. The new program was named "Reformatory Measures and Moral Direction". The Ministry intended to control local governments by burdening them with the responsibility for care of the poor. Prefectures, cities and their inhabitants were all required to be faithful constituents of the state. The notable feature of social works in the Taisho Era, which emphasized poverty prevention but not relief activities for the poor, seems to have been produced by this major change in the central government's welfare policy.
一般社団法人日本社会福祉学会の論文
1996-06-20