火災時の避難安全性と評価指標について

概要

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In he event of a ship fire, the intricacies of the fire spread phenomena and the accompanying human factor render the safety measures to be all the more difficult to establish. Fire smoke spreads rapidly and the smoke diffusion is apt to be dangerous even for persons away from the area of outbreak of the fire. Thus, for an estimation of an evacuation system is necessary to include the unexpected factors such as the ambiguity of human behavioral patterns, the reliability of a safe evacuation system is to be considered very carefully. However, there are no existing criteria to evaluate the safety of evacuation and the efficiency of smokeproof and smoke control systems, which were grasped those behavious so far by simulations of smoke diffusion and evacuation. This paper defines a measure of risk due to smoke diffusion in the evacuation routes using a simultaneous simulation of smoke diffusion and evacuation. This risk index is compared between various safety systems and its validity is confirmed using model of a living space and a common space in a typical cruise ship.
1995-09-04