Agingと呼吸器疾患(Agingと疾患,シンポジウム,東京女子医科大学学会第64回総会)

概要

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All of the components of the human lung are affected by aging. Changes in lung architecture include the enlargement of airspaces, diminution of the surface area for gas exchange, dilation of alveolar ducts (ductectasia) and a loss of alveolar volume. Aging of the human lung is associated with negative changes in ventilatory capacity, gas distribution and transfer, and the ventilatory response to hypoxia or hypercapnia. The principal underlying factor appears to be a loss of lung elasticity. With aging also comes a reduction in the effectiveness of mucociliary clearance, and a decline in the cellular and humoral components of lung immunity. These changes worsen with continued cigarette smoking, and all contribute to an increased susceptibility to lung infections, cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the elderly. Aging in itself is not a risk factor of respiratory failure, but elderly patients have an increased risk of mortality for both acute respiratory failure and exacerbation of chronic respiratory failure. Respiratory diseases are increasing in Japan. Knowledge of the agerelated anatomic and functional changes involving the respiratory system in the absence of disease is essential for distinguishing what is normal and what is abnormal and may help us deal with respiratory problems in older individuals.
東京女子医科大学の論文
1999-04-25