稚内沖から採取された化学合成生物群集化石を含む炭酸塩クラストのバイオマーカー組成

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Biomarker compositions in authigenic carbonate crust and surrounding muddy sediment associated with cold-seep communities on the sea floor of Soya Channel off Wakkanai were analysed. These samples were collected from the trawlnet of local fisherman, and were previously well-studied using paleontological methods (Majima et al., 2000). They mentioned shells encased in carbonate crusts as chemosynthesis-based communities. Both samples contain irregular isoprenoid hydrocarbon, tail to tail linked acyclic C_<20> isoprenoid 2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadecane (crocetane), its C_<25> homologue 2,6,10,15,19-pentamethyleicosane (PME) and several unsaturated derivatives. Their δ^<13>C values were depleted between the range of -131.7‰ to -90.9‰PDB. In contrast, the δ^<13>C values of n-alkanes were relatively high, ranging from -31.8‰ to -26.2‰. Other specific biomarkers, head to head linked ether-bound acyclic and cyclic biphytanes, were released after HI/LiAlH_4 treatment. Carbon isotopic compositions of these biphytanes were strongly depleted in ^<13>C ranging between -127.0‰ to -115.3‰. The characteristics of biomarkers isolated from carbonate the crust and muddy sediment were quite similar and both showed the existence of methane oxidizing Archaea. The newly discovered biomarkers in this study, which have a potential for identification of methane oxidizing Archaea, were C_<13> and C_<18> isoprenoid ketones. They had also low δ^<13>C values ranging from -119.9‰ to -70.6‰. These results suggest that precipitation of Ca carbonate below sediment-water interface is induced by the anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM).
日本有機地球化学会の論文
2004-12-30

稚内沖から採取された化学合成生物群集化石を含む炭酸塩クラストのバイオマーカー組成

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