"L'objectivation des idees" : トミスト認識論の一考察
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P. Marechal researches comment la coincidence de conditions ontologique subjectives (intelligences finis) et de conditions ontologique objectives (donnees extrinseques) has the caracters of the prise de conscience . In other words, his probleme is that: comment la prise de conscience, effectivee dans l'acte immanante ou communient objet et sujet, peut-elle etre la conscience de l'objet, en taut qu'oppose au suject ? . M. Maritain studys to show that la chose est donnee avec l'objet et par lui, et qu'il est meme absurd de les volior reparer . We cannot think that the obejt is identical with the chose at the beginning, on the contrary, we must verify s'il bien ainsi . For M. Maritain, therefore, the question in epistemology is that; la pensee se donnant du premier coup comma assuree sur les choses et measuree par un esse independent d'elle, comment juger si, comment, a quelies conditions et dans quelles mesure il en est bien ainsi . Their resolutions to this problem are very personal, and different each other, but they both research the same one probelm; "l'objectivation des idees." P. Marechal neglects the resolutions that the thomist before him had researched in virture of the passivite . In the case of their resolutions, we cannot prove the perceptism integral . Disspating their ambiguty for this resolutions, tries P. Marechal to surmont the kantian agonsticism by his unique theory - le dynamisme intellectuel . M. Maritain resolutes this problem by his rintuition abstractive and the caracteristics of the Verbum mentis - le signe formel, not the signe instrumental of the object. L'intuition abstractive explain the immanance d'objet , le verbum mentis considered as le signe formel verify the objectivation de la chose et de l'objet . P. Marechal, who depends upon the l'action of M. Blondel, M. Maritain, who neglects the bergsonisme de fait and estimates the valeurs of the bergsonisme d'intuition , they try to establish the valeur of ideas in the metaphysical region, and investigate comment est possible, et comment est fondee la pretention naturelle de l'intelligence . Their capital interests for the l'objectivation des idees principally consist in the establishment of the realism of common sense against the idealism of Kant and of Descartes that starts from the percipi , not the esse . At the first stage of 19th century, the thomist -P. Garrigou-Lagrange, P. Gardeil, P. Rousselot,- they all effort to research the one same problem; "L'objectivation des idees". They both try to establish the valeur of the ideas in the metaphysical region, and to verify the realism of common sens in their different ways. In my writting, I intend to show the methodes of resolution in M. Marechal and in M. Maritain, and to study the meaning of their resolution to the L'objectivation des idees against the Critique of modern philosophy. End.
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関連論文
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