ブーバーの共同体論の人間学的・教育学的意義
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The aim of this study was to make clear the theory of community in Buber's philosophical anthropology and also to analyse its significant value toward the modern anthropology, through examining Buber's theory of community. The result of it is as follows. 1. Generally, existentialists (such as Kierkegaard, Heidegger, Sartre) under-estimate the participation in community and they admit a man's relation to others as long as he keeps his genuine self as the "existence". Jaspers' "existential cooperation" (existeentielle Gemeinschaft) and Heidegger's "essential coexistence" (eigentliches Mitseins) are such examples for the above. 2. Nevertheless, through the criticising of Kierkegaard's concept of "the simple man" (der Einzelne), Buber proposed that a man should come into contact with others actively. That is, Kierkegaard thinks that "the single man" should have the essential connection only with "God", but Buber criticizes this Kierkegaard's idea and claims that a man should have relations with many members of community. 3. His anthropology insists that a man can relate with others by the intervention of God. In Buber's theory the real community will be formed when every members is connected with "God". Buber thinks that the only way to change the world radically is to build this type of community in society. 4. (1) In Buber's ideal society a man should not only realize his essential self as the "existence" but become the one who changes the modern world. Buber's anthropology makes much of the participation in the society. Therefore, we can say that Buber has opened the new dimension of existentialism through proposing the significance of "social existence". (2) At the same time, Buber shows us the importance of the wholeness and unification of human personality. So in his proposition we can find the educational theory concerning the formation of character. In general Buber's educational theory tends to be valued only by the aspect of educational human relationship between I and "Thou", but we should not overlook this theory of the formation of a man in the community.
- 国際基督教大学の論文
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