イギリス大学制度の研究 : 19世紀の大学改革をめぐって

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概要

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• The people in England believe in the virtue of diversity. Like many other English institutions, English universities do not follow a uniform pattern, not constitute a uniform system, though they share the common characteristics which distinguish them from universities in other countries. The Enlish universitgy system, as such, is a system of great diversity, consisting of eighteen universities (including a Welsh university and a university college) which differ in many respects. It is customary, however, to classify them into three divisions; the University of London, the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, and other civic or provincial universities. The classification came into existence in the 19th century, one of the most remarkable centuries in the history of university education. Excluding the two ancient universities of Oxford and Cambridge eleven civic universities are the products of the industrial and social development of the 19th century England. Even Oxford and Cambridge have been able to keep their position as the senior universities only by the result of the university reform in the 19th century. The object of this study is to describe, in the light of the social political and economical changes of the 19th centur Englandy, the ways in which the three classes of English universities were created and reformed, and to point out their characteristics and sigificance within whole Engish university system. An outline of the contents follows: Preface 1) Prefactor remarks on this study 2) Oxford and Cambridge in the 18th century 1. Foundation of the University of London 1) Discontent with Oxford and Cambridge and the foundation of the University College, London 2) King's College and the University of London; its foundation and development 3) Characteristics; Liberal, utilitarian, secular, modern, civic and federal 2. Reform of the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge 1) Arguments; pros and cons 2) University reform through Parliamentary actions 3) Characteristics; Christian-Hellenic, national responsibility, liberal education and self-government 3. Development of the Provincial Universities 1) Demands for the provincial universities 2) Forerunners of the provincial universities in the early 19th century 3) Foundation of the university colleges and their development to the universities 4) Characteristics; local and national responsibility, civic control, specialized education and wider social bases

• 国際基督教大学の論文

著者

• 小林 哲也

  国際基督教大学

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