リベラル・アーツ・カレジにおける一般教育 : コロンビア・カレジにおける改革提案をめぐって

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概要

• 論文の詳細を見る

• Within the post-war Japanese educational reforms, two measures were proposed to liberalize higher education. One was the introduction of general education into the college curricula, and the other was the establishment of the four-year liberal arts college. The former was uniformly adopted by the University Standard of 1947 which required all four-year college curricula to include a minimum of 36 units of general education. Little progress, however, was made with the liberal arts college. Most of the college preparatory upper secondary schools of the pre-war system were transformed, in 1949, into four-year colleges of arts and science, which, however, failed to develop integrated liberal arts curricula, or into two-year divisions of general education which functioned only as lower colleges of the universities. The pre-war normal schools were also to be restructed into four-year liberal arts colleges, but remained four-year teachers training colleges. Between 1949 and 1953, only two liberal colleges, in the true sense of the word, were established at the College of General Studies of Tokyo University and the Liberal Arts College of the International Christian University.One of the main reasons for this failure is the absense of a liberal arts tradition in Japanese higher education. This fact is reflected in the tendency within Japanese higher education to separate general education from liberal education. Sometimes they are considered as contradictory. As we observe in the history of American higher education, there has been a close relationship between these two concepts. By the early twentieth century the liberal arts colleges in America had become overspecialized. General education developed as a reaction against this tendency, and yet it recieved much of the liberal spirit from the liberal arts tradition. Liberal education in turn was revived with the challenge of the general education movement. This close relation between generel education and liberal education is well illustrated by Daniel Bell in his The Reforming of General Education, which is instructive for Japanese higher education.

• 国際基督教大学の論文

著者

• 小林 哲也

  国際基督教大学

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