「言語活動」概念の誕生 : 小林英夫によるソシュール言語学の導入と1930年代におけるその影響

概要

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The purpose of this paper is to examine the various aspects of the term "GENGO-KATSUDO", translated from French "langage", at the end of 1920s Japan. We will show how this concept was interpreted by academic circles of Japanese linguistics, and Japanese language education. It was Hideo Kobayashi who first translated Ferdinand de Saussure's French term "langage" into "GENGO-KATSUDO". We have compared the meaning of "langage" of Charles Bally who followed Saussure's theory with that of "GENGO-KATSUDO" used by Kobayashi, and other Japanese linguists, Kyosuke Kindaichi and Shinkichi Hashimoto. By this examination, we could make it clear that Japanese linguists ceased to consider that "written language" is a secondary element of "spoken language" through the influence of the term "GENGO-KATSUDO". They considered the term "GENGO-KATSUDO" equally, whether used for written or spoken language. Finally, we have examined the direct method of Japanese language education which was practiced by Kumakichi Endo and Kiichiro Yamaguchi. Through this analysis, it could be clarified that the term "GENGO-KATSUDO" played an important role in the theory of Japanese language education in 1930s Japan.
2008-03-31