Allomorphosis of the Wing-Veins vs Wing-Membranes in Insects

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1. Although the wing-veins of insects have been known to undergo development independent of the wing-membranes, the allomorphic pattern of these two morphological tarits shows that they are subject to phylogenetic developments mutually dependent and harmonious to some extents and characteristic in exibitting diphasic or triphasic species-form allomorphosis in comparatively high systematic categories such as the genus Drosophila, the family Drosophilidae, the division Rhopalocera and the order Odonata, in which the allomorphic patterns change from tachy-to bradymetry or from brady-to tachy-and ultimately to brady-or isometry. 2. The Burla's rule established for the genus Drosophila to indicate that the longer wings have the more distally placed wing-veins is proved to be acceptable in the forms having tachymetric allomorphosis of the wing as Drosophilidae, Hesperiidae, Pieridae and Danaidae, while a reverse relation is found in the groups showing bradymetric allomorphosis as Lycaenidae and Papilionidae. The degree of applicability of the Burla's rule as expressed by C-index, a length ratio of a vein and the wing itself, is roughly correlated with the phylogenetic constant. 3. The rule of Lameere and Geoffrey Smith referring to the occurrence of the similar patterns of allomorphosis both among the individuals of each of the related species and among these related species is recognized in Drosophilidae, Pieridae, Libellulidae and Cicadidae, in which the ontogenetic constant tends to approach 1.0 or isometric as compared with the phylogenetic constant, indicating that the interspecific evolutional change in the wing-venation is more diversified than the intraspecific one. 4. The allomorphic patterns of the wing-veins vs. wing-membranes are found to strikingly reflect the hitherto known relationships of the various orders of the higher systematic categories of insects and sometimes to be correlated with the functions of wing and its veins responsible for the flight. 5. The sequences of allomorphosis and the Burla's rule may have some connections with the heterauxetic development of the wings at least in the genus Drosophila.
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Allomorphosis of the Wing-Veins vs Wing-Membranes in Insects

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