Effect of crop residue C:N ratio on N_2O emissions from Gray Lowland soil in Mikasa, Hokkaido, Japan(Environment)
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概要
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We studied the effect of crop residues with various C: N ratios on N_2O emissions from soil. We set up five experimental plots with four types of crop residues, onion leaf (OL), soybean stem and leaf (SSL), rice straw (RS) and wheat straw (WS), and no residue (NR) on Gray Lowland soil in Mikasa, Hokkaido, Japan. The C: N ratios of these crop residues were 11.6, 14.5, 62.3, and 110, respectively. Based on the results of a questionnaire survey of farmer practices, we determined appropriate application rates: 108, 168, 110, 141 and 0g C m^<-2> and 9.3, 11.6, 1.76, 1.28 and 0g N m^<-2>, respectively. We measured N_2O, CO_2 and NO fluxes using a closed chamber method. At the same time, we measured soil temperature at a depth of 5cm, water-filled pore space (WFPS), and the concentrations of soil NH^+_4-N, NO^-_3-N and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC). Significant peaks of N_2O and CO_2 emissions came from OL and SSL just after application, but there were no emissions from RS, WS or NR. There was a significant relationship between N_2O and CO_2 emissions in each treatment except WS, and correlations between CO_2 flux and temperature in RS, soil NH^+_4-N and N_2O flux in SSL and NR, soil NH^+_4-N and CO_2 flux in SSL, and WSOC and CO_2 flux in WS. The ratio of N_2O-N/NO-N increased to approximately 100 in OL and SSL as N_2O emissions increased. Cumulative N_2O and CO_2 emissions increased as the C: N ratio decreased, but not significantly. The ratio of N_2O emission to applied N ranged from -0.43% to 0.86%, and was significantly correlated with C: N ratio (y = -0.59 In [x] + 2.30, r^2 = 0.99, P<0.01). The ratio of CO_2 emissions to applied C ranged from -5.8% to 45% and was also correlated with C: N ratio, but not significantly (r^2 = 0.78, P = 0.11).
著者
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HATANO Ryusuke
Laboratory of Soil Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University
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Hatano Ryusuke
Laboratory Of Soil Science Graduate School Of Agriculture Hokkaido University
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Toma Yo
Graduate School Of Agriculture Hokkaido Univ. Sapporo 060-8589 Jpn
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Hatano Ryusuke
Laboratory Of Soil Science Research Faculty Of Agriculture Hokkaido University
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TOMA Yo
Laboratory of Soil Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University
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Hatano Ryusuke
Laboratory Of Soil Science Faculty Of Agriculture Hokkaido University
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