わが国におけるNPM(New Public Management)改革(その1)

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This manuscript is concerned with the supply of public services while difficulties in financing them exist. England's NPM-reform is used as a concrete example. Under the Thatcher administration, deregulation and privatization were used to realize a "small government", but under today's Blair administration, the so-called PPP partnership of government-and-people is playing an increasingly central role.I used the methods of institutional theory to analyze the conversion to a society in which citizens participate. While I point out the fundamentals of my approach by using the NPM-theory developed by Christopher Hood in "Public Management for All Seasons" (1991), I develop his research in the field of economics. First of all, it is necessary to say that - in the NPM-case - the administrative organization is divided into two parts, one that concerns itself with thinking while a second one executes contracts. The first part constructs the systems and the second one acts according to them. The efficiency of such systems and organizations is realized by reducing transaction costs. But it is necessary to remark that the efficiency of systems implies complementarity between organizations. The final role of the government lies in deciding on a society's system and it is the market that decides who becomes the provider of direct public services. But even if outside organizations are entrusted with public services, it will probably prove difficult to involve them (outside-organizations), if the system that is based on administrative decisions doesn't show social complementarity.If the institutions that were planned by the administration are stable, uncertainties concerning the future are diminished and the possibility that private companies, NPOs, regional communities etc. become suppliers of public services is enhanced.
2006-12-20

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永井真也
四国大学経営情報学部経営情報学科

わが国におけるNPM(New Public Management)改革(その1)

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