地上建物の影響を無視した乱流シミュレーションによる換気効率指標VFとPFRの解析 : 地下居室に付属する空堀の換気性能に関する基礎的研究第1報

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This paper aims to evaluated the wind-driven ventilation performance of Dry Area for basement. The ventilation occurs through the opening connected with external wind environment. Although the ventilation of Dry Area has similarities with that of single-sided ventilation in residential buildings, it differs from the latter since it is greatly influenced by the urban surface boundary layer with big velocity gradient, while single-sided ventilation is approximately generated by uniform air flow. As the first study of a whole research, three-dimensional flow fields and concentration fields are calculated in this paper based on k-ε turbulence simulation model for a common Dry Area within urban boundary layer without the existence of above-ground building. Based on the simulation results, the relationship between the opening area with ventilation performance is analyzed, and the ventilation performances are evaluated further by using the index of VF (Visiting Frequency) and PFR (Purging Flow Rate). The influences of the layout of Dry Area, the aspect ratio el. are also qualitatively investigated and discussed. The results of this paper are considered to be helpful to wind tunnel experiments and further detailed numerical analyses in future.
2007-08-30