日本の対アジアNIEs諸国の国際競争力と貿易構造(経済発展と国際経済秩序・資源配分の観点からの歴史的評価と今日的課題,共同研究)
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概要
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Asian NIEs, driven by export-oriented industrialization, are continuing rapid growth, and narrowing the gap with advanced economies. They seem to have succeeded in increasing the sophistication of products and production processes while specializing in higher value-added items in the respective product categories. The purpose of this study is to find out how, under these circumstances, Japan's trade structure has changed and these growing economies are changing through their trade with Japan. In this study, The Brown's Trade Intensity Index, Interdependence Index, Export-Import Ratio, Trade Specialization Index and Grubel-Lloyd's Index of Intra-Industry Trade were measured and analyzed with a view to investigating-through their behavior in trading with Japan-the trends of their economic relations with Japan which vary with the process of economic development. For the measurement and analysis of these factors, the goods to be taken up were limited to industrial products (the three-digit level in Classes 5 through 8 in the United Nations Standard of International Trade Classification), classified into Ricardo goods, Heckscher-Ohlin goods (subdivided into labor-intensive goods and capital-intensive goods) and Vernon goods models, to each of which characteristics were assigned, and features of relationships between Japan and Asian NIEs were identified from those characteristics of goods. The Asian NIEs selected for this purpose are Hong Kong, Taiwan, South Korea and Singapore, all well known as typical Asian NIEs. The analysis was conducted in a time series for a 15-year period from 1980 through 1995. First, the trade intensity indices between the Asian NIEs and Japan were measured, and the relationships between Japan and the four economies were studied on the basis of the measurements. Then, the relationships of interdependence were assessed from the interdependence indices, and the economic relations between the countries taken up in this study were investigated. These two sets of measurements revealed that the characteristics of economic relationships between Japan and the four Asian NIEs could be broadly classified into Japan's relationships with the South Korea-Taiwan group and those with the Hong Kong-Singapore group. Next, the export ratio and the import ratio of each were observed, and the features of the Asian NIEs were analyzed in terms of the characteristics of goods. The analytical results revealed that, in this respect again, the relationships could be broadly classified into patterns of relationships with the aforementioned two groups. Further study was made on the aspects of trade specialization coefficient and index of Intra-Industry Trade with these economies, and it was presumed that the broad classification into the South Korea-Taiwan group and the Hong Kong-Singapore group was valid in this respect, too. Whereas it was thus revealed that the characteristics of trade between Japan and Asian NIEs could be classified into two groups of countries, the analysis here does not cover all industrial products, but is limited to the top 20 product items in the trading of manufactured goods between Japan and the Asian NIEs. Therefore, analysis of all industrial products will be needed to find out if the results of this study might be effectively extended to the whole trading of industrial products.
- 日本大学の論文
- 1998-03-25
著者
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