走高跳の技術についての一考察

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There are several methods of doing the Running high jump. The point common to all methods is to transfer horizontal velocity into lifting momentum through the process of take-off, to raise the center of gravity to maximum height, and to make an economical jump. In order to attain good results, it is especially important to master the techniques of preparation for spring and of take-off. In this essay, I choose, among several methods of Running high jump, the scissors jump, which most beginners try, and the belly roll and the Fosbury flop, which are now employed by most jumpers. I analyse these methods with regard to the technique of approach, take-off, movements in the air, and landing. Relaxation is important during the approach of any method. In the scissors jump and the belly roll, the approach is made in a straight line. The angle of approach toward the bar is 60-80 degrees for the scissors jump, and 30-40 degrees for the belly roll. In the Fosbury flop, the approach is made in a curved line. The preparation for spring is similar in the scissors jump and the belly roll. One stride before take-off, the jumper settles down and with the last stride leans his trunk backward and strikes the ground. The take-off spot of the scissors jump is a little farther from the bar than that of the belly roll. The take-off technique of the Fosbury flop is relatively easy, but at the time the spring is executed, the take-off foot and the trunk must form a straight line and be vertical to the ground. In the scissors jump the jumper must bend the take-off leg against his chest, and his body must be horizontal over the bar. There are several forms of belly roll, in which the jumper clears the bar stomach-downwards. In the Fosbury flop, on the other hand, the jumper crosses the bar back-downwards. In the scissors jump, the landing is made on the take-off foot with the jumper facing the bar. In the belly roll, any style of landing is acceptable. In the Fosbury flop the jumper falls back-downwards. Landing in the high jump is not so important as in the long jump or the triple jump, so long as the danger of injury can be prevented. The present world record for men and the Japanese record for women were made in the style of the Fosbury flop. The world for women and the Japanese record for men were made in the style of the belly roll. These two methods are regarded as the best and most rational. New records will be created through the development of sports science and the training methods.
1977-11-30

走高跳の技術についての一考察

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